Do You Need a Licence to Pressure Wash in the UK?
Pressure washing has gained significant popularity across the UK for both domestic and commercial cleaning purposes. Whether it’s cleaning driveways, patios, or building exteriors, pressure washing provides a quick and effective solution. However, an important question arises: Do you need a licence to pressure wash in the UK? In this article, we’ll explore what pressure washing is, the difference between commercial and DIY use, and whether a licence is required. Additionally, we’ll look at the chemicals used, safety regulations, and the importance of proper training and certification.
What is Pressure Washing?
Pressure washing services, or power washing, is a cleaning method that uses high-pressure water jets to remove dirt, grime, algae, and other contaminants from surfaces. This technique is commonly applied to hard surfaces such as patios, driveways, walls, and vehicles. The pressurised water stream allows the user to clean large areas quickly and without the need for scrubbing or excessive effort.
The effectiveness of pressure washing is a result of both the force of the water and, in some cases, the use of additional chemicals to break down dirt and stains. However, it’s crucial to operate the equipment properly, as mishandling can lead to damage to surfaces or harm to the user. Generally a lance and turbo nozzle are used to cut through serious driveway dirt, and a rotary cleaner is used to clean the surfaces of patios. Both of these tools are attached to a pressure washer and its high pressure hose.
What is the Difference Between Commercial and DIY Pressure Washing?
- DIY Pressure Washing DIY pressure washing is usually carried out by homeowners or renters who want to clean their own property. The pressure washers used for DIY purposes are typically smaller and less powerful. These machines are well-suited to tasks like cleaning driveways, garden furniture, cars, and outdoor decking. In these cases, there is generally no requirement for formal training or certification to use the equipment. These are usually electric pressure washers, limited in both psi and lpm; and do not exceed tap water lpm.
- Commercial Pressure Washing Commercial pressure washing, however, involves a more professional approach. It requires greater expertise, as the equipment used is more powerful, and the job often involves cleaning larger, more complex surfaces, such as entire buildings, roads, and industrial sites. Commercial pressure washers may also use more aggressive chemicals to achieve cleaner results. For example, companies offering pressure washing services on large scales may clean public spaces, and businesses, or even offer render cleaning. These machines often exceed tap flow and therefore often a bowser is filled up first for the machine to draw water from.
Commercial pressure washing requires a higher level of skill and care, not only in terms of the use of the equipment but also in handling hazardous chemicals and ensuring the safety of workers and the public.
What Types of Licences are Common for Trades in Scotland?
In Scotland, when considering do you need a licence to pressure wash; various trades require licences to operate legally. For example, window cleaners are now required to have a licence, which is region-specific in and typically involves a small fee. However, when it comes to pressure washing, there is currently no national legal requirement for a licence. Window cleaning licences include PVG checks, and are generally seen as a way to avoid low level crime.
Despite this, businesses involved in pressure washing can benefit from accreditation from professional institutions such as PureSeal. PureSeal offers courses in Module 1 and Module 2 training on render cleaning and pressure washing. These qualifications ensure that professionals understand how to use pressure washers correctly, as well as the associated risks, safety protocols, and proper chemical handling. Although not mandatory, obtaining such certifications can help a business establish credibility and reassure clients about the professionalism of their services.
In general, while a formal licence is not required to run a pressure washing business in the UK, some regions may have specific local regulations or requirements for health and safety, waste disposal, and environmental protection.
What Types of Chemicals Are Used in Pressure Washing?
Now that we have established; do you need a licence to pressure wash, it is important to consider other areas of compliance such as chemical use. The primary ingredient in pressure washing is water, but many pressure washers use chemicals to enhance the cleaning process. One of the most commonly used chemicals is sodium hypochlorite, also known as bleach. This chemical is particularly effective at removing algae, mildew, and stains caused by organic matter. It is frequently used when pressure washing driveways, roofs, and building exteriors, especially in areas where these surfaces tend to accumulate organic growth.
However, sodium hypochlorite is a dangerous chemical and poses various health and safety risks. It is highly corrosive and can cause burns, respiratory problems, and eye irritation if not handled properly. Moreover, sodium hypochlorite can damage surfaces if used in excess or improperly diluted.
Other chemicals used in pressure washing include:
- Surfactants – Used to help loosen dirt and grime.
- Acidic cleaners – These are used for specific applications, such as cleaning hard-water stains, mineral deposits, and rust.
- Detergents – They are used to break down oils and grease, particularly for commercial or industrial applications.
The use of these chemicals requires additional caution and safety measures, as improper handling can lead to hazardous conditions for workers and the surrounding environment.
Why is Sodium Hypochlorite Dangerous?
Sodium hypochlorite (bleach) is an effective cleaner, but it comes with significant dangers if not used with care. The main risks include:
- Corrosive Properties
Sodium hypochlorite is highly corrosive and can cause severe damage to human skin, eyes, and respiratory passages. Prolonged exposure can lead to burns, eye injury, or even long-term respiratory issues. - Chemical Reactions
Sodium hypochlorite should never be mixed with ammonia or acid-based cleaners, as this can create toxic chlorine gas, which can be fatal if inhaled. - Environmental Risks
If not disposed of properly, sodium hypochlorite can contaminate water systems and harm aquatic life. It can also degrade plant life if it runs off into gardens or green spaces.
For these reasons, it is essential for pressure washing businesses to have proper training on the use and disposal of chemicals like sodium hypochlorite. A proper risk assessment and health and safety measures should be in place.
COSHH Safe Practice for Chemicals When Pressure Washing
Under the governments Control of Substances Hazardous to Health (COSHH) regulations, any business using hazardous substances like sodium hypochlorite must adhere to strict safety practices. COSHH requires employers to:
- Assess Risks
A risk assessment must be carried out before using any hazardous chemicals, ensuring that workers are aware of potential dangers and understand the safe handling and disposal procedures. - Provide Personal Protective Equipment (PPE)
Workers must be provided with the correct PPE, including gloves, goggles, aprons, and in some cases, respirators. PPE helps protect workers from direct exposure to hazardous chemicals. - Implement Safe Handling and Storage Procedures
Chemicals must be stored in a secure, well-ventilated area, away from incompatible substances. The correct storage helps prevent accidental mixing of chemicals and exposure to hazardous fumes. - Provide Proper Training
Employees must be fully trained on the safe handling of chemicals, the operation of pressure washing equipment, and the importance of following COSHH guidelines to avoid exposure to dangerous substances. - Disposal Procedures
Wastewater and chemical runoff from pressure washing must be disposed of properly. This includes using designated waste facilities and ensuring that chemicals don’t contaminate local water sources or harm the environment.
Environmental Considerations: Waste Disposal and Pollution Control
As pressure washing often involves the use of chemicals, one of the key environmental concerns is the disposal of wastewater. Proper waste disposal is vital in preventing environmental damage. For example, sodium hypochlorite can pollute waterways, causing damage to local ecosystems.
Pressure washing businesses are encouraged to collect runoff water in special containers, ensuring that harmful substances are disposed of at licensed facilities. Additionally, businesses should consider the potential impact of chemicals on local plant and animal life and take steps to mitigate any harmful effects.
